Kubectl's handy command line tool: Oh my Zsh tips and tricks

Zsh Tips and tricks

stay unix/linux In the operating system environment , We will often discuss shell、 Terminal and command line interface .Bash Probably the most famous shell, But in Mac In computer ,Zsh Probably the most popular shell 了 .

What is? Zsh？

Zsh Also known as z Shell, It expands Bourne Shell (sh) The function of , Provides updated features and more support for plug-ins and themes . from 2019 Year of MacOS Catalina Start ,Zsh Become Mac The default login and interaction in the computer shell.

install Zsh

install Oh My Zsh Prerequisite ： Must be installed zsh

Mac

stay Mac On the computer , You can use Homebrew To install Zsh.brew install zsh

Linux(Ubuntu)

# 1.  install zsh
sudo apt-get install zsh
# 2.  Confirm whether the installation is successful 
zsh --version
# 3.  Set up zsh As the default shell
sudo chsh -s (which zsh)
# 4.  Log out and log back in 

Linux(Centos)

# 1.  install zsh
sudo yum install zsh
# 2.  Confirm whether the installation is successful 
zsh --version
# 3.  Set up zsh As the default shell
sudo chsh -s (which zsh)
# 4.  Log out and log back in 

#  Check the current system  shell
cat /etc/shells 

adopt yum Installed zsh The version is 5.0.2 Of , And many topics need to use a higher version zsh, If you need a higher version, you can use the source code to install

First uninstall zsh

yum remove zsh

Then compile

sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install -y git make ncurses-devel gcc autoconf man
git clone -b zsh-5.7.1 https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh.git /tmp/zsh
cd /tmp/zsh
./Util/preconfig
./configure
sudo make -j 20 install.bin install.modules install.fns

Set to default shell

command -v zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
sudo chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh

When installed Zsh after , You can also install the most popular Zsh plug-in unit ,oh-my-Zsh, This plug-in has many built-in plug-ins and themes , Use the following installation script :

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

Manual installation

1.1 Uninstall lower version

#  Uninstall the current version 
 sudo yum remove zsh

1.2 Download the source code

• Source code ：https://zsh.sourceforge.io/Arc/source.html

#  download 
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/zsh/files/zsh/5.8/zsh-5.8.tar.xz/download

#  decompression 
tar xvf zsh-5.8.tar.xz

1.3 Compilation and installation

#  Install the compiler 
yum install gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
yum install ncurses-devel

#  Enter the source directory 
cd zsh-5.8

#  Perform configuration 
#  Default installed in ：/usr/local/bin/zsh
./configure   

#  Compile and install 
make && make install

#  Add information 
 vim /etc/shells
#  Add in the last line ：/usr/local/bin/zsh

1.4 The verification results

#  Switch shell
chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh

#  View version information 
 zsh --version
# zsh 5.8 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)

Zsh Basic commands

6 A little-known Zsh Tips and tricks

1. take command

   The command is mkdir and cd A combination of two commands . You can also generate intermediate directories as needed .

2. Specify the command to view history

   Enter the specified command , Press the up arrow again , The history starting with this command can be iterated

3. zmv

   use zmv Rename a large number of files . First , function autoload zmv To install zmv. Then execute the following command ：

   zmv '(*).(jpg|jpeg)' 'demo-1.2'
   

4. zcalc

   Open the calculator on the command line , First , function autoload zcalc To install zcalc . Then you can execute zcalc command .

5. Ctrl-q

   When you enter a long command , When you find that you need to execute a command before it , You can press Ctrl-q Temporarily store the current command , Then enter another command , When the execution of the other command ends , The temporary commands will be automatically refilled .

6. ctrl-x-e

   When you enter a long command , When you find an input error in the middle of the command , Can press ctrl-x-e Copy the command to the editor for editing , After editing , Save to exit .

Easy to use plug-ins

To enable the zsh Plug in for , stay ~/.zshrc Set in :

plugins=(git autojump last-working-dir tmux tmuxinator web-search fancy-ctrl-z themes)

• autojump
• last-working-dir
• tmux
• tmuxinator
• web-search
• fancy-ctrl-z

install oh-my-zsh

• Can pass curl or wget Two ways to install , Install... With one command .

---

curl install

GitHub:

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

Gitee ( Domestic mirror )

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh)"

---

wget install

GitHub:

sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

Gitee ( Domestic mirror )

sh -c "$(wget -O- https://gitee.com/pocmon/mirrors/raw/master/tools/install.sh)"

---

[[email protected]r]/fly/k8s/shell/ohmyzsh# ./install.sh 
Cloning Oh My Zsh...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1280, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (1280/1280), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1236/1236), done.
remote: Total 1280 (delta 24), reused 1230 (delta 24), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (1280/1280), 1.06 MiB | 1.23 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (24/24), done.
From https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh
 * [new branch]      master     -> origin/master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
Already on 'master'
/fly/k8s/shell/ohmyzsh

Looking for an existing zsh config...
Found ~/.zshrc. Backing up to /root/.zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh
Using the Oh My Zsh template file and adding it to ~/.zshrc.

         __                                     __   
  ____  / /_     ____ ___  __  __   ____  _____/ /_  
 / __ \/ __ \   / __ `__ \/ / / / /_ / / ___/ __ \ / /_/ / / / / / / / / / / /_/ / / /_(__ ) / / / \____/_/ /_/ /_/ /_/ /_/\__, / /___/____/_/ /_/ /____/ ....is now installed! Before you scream Oh My Zsh! look over the `.zshrc` file to select plugins, themes, and options.

• Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/ohmyzsh
• Join our Discord community: https://discord.gg/ohmyzsh
• Get stickers, t-shirts, coffee mugs and more: https://shop.planetargon.com/collections/oh-my-zsh

upgrade oh-my-zsh

To upgrade oh-my-zsh, The input terminal :

Get updates

By default , The system will prompt you every 2 Check for updates once a week . stay Oh My Zsh Before loading ~/.zshrc, You can choose another update mode by adding a line to the file ：

1. Automatic update without confirmation ：

   zstyle ':omz:update' mode auto
   

2. If updates are available , Please provide a reminder every few days ：

   zstyle ':omz:update' mode reminder
   

3. To disable automatic updates completely ：

   zstyle ':omz:update' mode disabled
   

Be careful ： You can use the following settings to control Oh My Zsh Check the frequency of updates ：

# This will check for updates every 7 days
zstyle ':omz:update' frequency 7
# This will check for updates every time you open the terminal (not recommended)
zstyle ':omz:update' frequency 0

Update manually

If you want to update at any time （ Maybe someone just released a new plug-in and you don't want to wait a week ？） You just need to run ：

omz update

uninstall Oh My Zsh

Oh My Zsh Not for everyone . We will miss you , But we want to make breaking up easy .

If you want to uninstall oh-my-zsh, Just run... From the command line uninstall_oh_my_zsh. It will delete and restore your previous bash or zsh To configure .

Use Oh My Zsh

plug-in unit

Oh My Zsh There are a lot of plug-ins for you to use . You can view plug-in unit Contents and / or wiki To see what is currently available .

To enable the plugin

Once you find one （ Or more ） You want to contact Oh My Zsh Plug ins used together , You need to .zshrc Enable them in the file . You will be in your $HOME Found in the directory zshrc file . Open it with your favorite text editor , You will see a place listing all the plug-ins you want to load .

vim ~/.zshrc

for example , This may start to look like this ：

plugins=(
  git
  bundler
  dotenv
  macos
  rake
  rbenv
  ruby
)

Please note that , Plug ins are separated by spaces （ Space 、 tabs 、 New line …）. Don't Use commas between them , Otherwise it will interrupt .

#  Refresh configuration 
source ~/.zshrc

The use of plug-in

Each built-in plug-in contains a README, Used to record it . This readme file should show the aliases contained in that particular plug-in （ If the plug-in adds any aliases ） And extra good things .

The theme

We will admit it . stay Oh My Zsh The early days of the world , We may be a little too happy . We are now tied to more than 150 A theme . Most of them are in wiki both Screenshot （ We are trying to update this ！）. To have a look at ！

Select topic

Robby The theme of is the default theme . This is not the most fancy . This is not the simplest . That's right （ For him, ）.

Find the theme to use , You need to edit this ~/.zshrc file . You will see an environment variable （ All capitals ）, As shown below ：

ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"

Use different themes , Just change the value to match the name of the desired topic . for example ：

ZSH_THEME="agnoster" # (this is one of the fancy ones)
# see https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes#agnoster

Be careful ： Many themes need to be installed Power line font or Nerd fonts In order to present correctly . Without them , These themes will present Strange prompt symbol

Open a new terminal window , Your prompt should be as follows ：

If you don't find a theme that suits your needs , Please check out wiki understand more The theme .

If you feel bored , You can let the computer choose one randomly for you every time you open a new terminal window .

ZSH_THEME="random" # (...please let it be pie... please be some pie..)

If you want to choose a random theme from your favorite theme list ：

ZSH_THEME_RANDOM_CANDIDATES=(
  "robbyrussell"
  "agnoster"
)

If you only know which topics you don't like , They can be similarly added to the ignore list ：

ZSH_THEME_RANDOM_IGNORED=(pygmalion tjkirch_mod)

Abnormal problems

1. uninstall zsh I can't log in after root Account solution

# Input in the terminal 
sudo vim /etc/passwd
# Take the first line 
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/zsh
# Change it to 
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
#  Put the last line 
username:x:1000:1000:username,,,:/home/username:/username/local/bin/zsh
#  Change it to 
username:x:1000:1000:username,,,:/home/username:/username/local/bin/bash
#  Save and log in root 了 

Reference link ：

zsh

ohmyzsh to update

ohmyzsh Plug in list

t:/root:/bin/zsh
# Change it to
root0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

Put the last line

username1000:1000:username,:/home/username:/username/local/bin/zsh

Change it to

username1000:1000:username,:/home/username:/username/local/bin/bash

Save and log in root 了

##  Reference link ：

[zsh](https://www.zsh.org/)

[ohmyzsh to update ](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh#getting-updates)

[ohmyzsh Plug in list ](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Plugins)

[ohmyzsh The theme ](https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes)