Explanation of LNMP architecture source code compilation and installation with pictures and texts (with forum experiment)

1 install Nginx service

1. Turn off firewall , take Nginx Required packages to /opt Under the table of contents

systemctl stop firewalld  # Turn off firewall 
systemctl disable firewalld  # Turn off the firewall and turn it on 
setenforce 0   # Turn off system security 

cd /opt    # Switch to /opt Catalog 
nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz

2. Install dependency packages

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make   # Install the required development kit ,  To provide the corresponding libraries and header files, as well as the compilation environment and compiler 

3. Create a running user 、 Group
（Nginx The service program defaults to nobody Identity running , It is recommended to create a special user account for it , In order to more accurately control its access rights ）

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx   # Create program users , So as to control access accurately 
#Nginx The service program runs as an anonymous user by default 

4. Compilation and installation Nginx

cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/

cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure \   # Use configure
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \				    # Appoint nginx Installation path for 
--user=nginx \								# Specify user name 
--group=nginx \								# Specify the group name 
--with-http_stub_status_module				# Enable  http_stub_status_module  Module to support State Statistics 

make && make install  # Compile and install 

5. Optimize the path

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/		# Let the system recognize nginx Operation command of 

6. add to Nginx system service

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking        # Background run type 
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid     #PID file location 
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   # Start the service 
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID    # according to PID Overload configuration 
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID    # according to PID Terminate the process 
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target   # Start level 

chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

2 install MySQL service

1. Will install mysql The required software package is transferred to /opt Under the table of contents

mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

2、 install Mysql Environment dependent packages

yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake

3. Create a running user

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

4. Compilation and installation

cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \		# Appoint mysql Installation path for 
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ # Appoint mysql The process listens to socket files （ Database connection file ） Storage path for 
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \                             # Specify the storage path of the configuration file 
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \            # Specifies the storage path of the process file 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \                       # Specifies the default character set encoding , Such as  utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \			# Specifies the character set collation rules to be used by default 
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \						# Specify support for other character set encoding 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \              # install INNOBASE Storage engine 
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \               # install ARCHIVE Storage engine  
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \             # install BLACKHOLE Storage engine  
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \            # install FEDERATED Storage engine  
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \         # Specify the storage path of the database file 
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \          # Appoint boost The path of , If you use mysql-boost Integration package installation is -DWITH_BOOST=boost
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1               # Generation facilitates systemctl Administrative document 

make && make install

5. modify mysql The configuration file

vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

6. change mysql The primary group of the installation directory and configuration files

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

7. Set the path environment variable

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile	
source /etc/profile

8. Initialize database

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \				# Generate initialization password is empty 
--user=mysql \                      # Generate initialization password is empty 
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \        # Specify the installation directory of the database 
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data		# Specify the storage path of the database file 

9. add to mysqld system service

cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/		# be used for systemctl Service management 
systemctl daemon-reload         # Refresh recognition  
systemctl start mysqld.service  # Opening service 
systemctl enable mysqld         # Boot up 
netstat -anpt | grep 3306       # Check the port 

10. modify mysql Login password for

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123" 	# to root Set the password to abc123, The prompt is the original password （ It's empty ）

11. Authorize remote login

mysql -u root -p
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
# grant root Users can log in remotely at all terminals , The password used is abc123, And all databases and all tables have operation permissions 
% Represents a wildcard arbitrary value 
show databases;			# View the existing database 

3 Installation configuration PHP Analyze the environment

1. Will install PHP The required software package is transferred to /opt Under the table of contents

php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

2. Install environment dependency package

yum -y install \
gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

3. Compilation and installation

cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

cd php-7.1.10
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

make && make install

4. Path optimization

ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

5. adjustment PHP The configuration file
php There are three profiles ：
php.ini Master profile
php-fpm.conf Process service profile
www.conf Extended profile

Adjust the main profile

cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini	
# Use... In the test environment php.ini-development file , And in the production environment php.ini-production file 
vim /usr/local/php7/php.ini
--1170 That's ok -- modify 
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939 That's ok -- uncomment , modify 
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

php -m 					# Verify the installed module 

Adjust the process service profile

cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17 That's ok -- Get rid of ";" notes 
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

Adjust the extended profile

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

6. start-up php-fpm

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000

PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager：FastCGI Process Manager ) It's a PHPFastCGI Manager , because Nginx The server can't handle dynamic pages , Need by Nginx Give the dynamic request to php-fpm Process

cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service

7. To configure Nginx Support PHP analysis

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
--65 That's ok -- uncomment , modify 
location ~ \.php$ {
    
	root           html;
	fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
	fastcgi_index  index.php;
	fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;	# take  /scripts  It is amended as follows nginx Working directory of 
   #fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; #$document_root  On behalf of the current request root The value specified in the instruction 
	include        fastcgi_params;
}

systemctl restart nginx.service

8. verification PHP Test page

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

 Browser access 
http://192.168.16.16/index.php

9. Verify that the database is working properly

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE bbs;   # establish bbs library 
show databases;     # View Library 
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
to Create user later ,% All users 
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php      		# Replace the content of the original test page 
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.16.16','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>

 Browser access 
http://192.168.16.16/index.php

4 Deploy Discuz！ Community BBS Web application

cd /opt
unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  -d /opt/dis
cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/     # Upload site update package 

Adjust the permissions of forum Directory

ps aux							# The user name of the forum process is daemon
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
chown -R daemon ./config
chown -R daemon ./data
chown -R daemon ./uc_client
chown -R daemon ./uc_server/data
 or 
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

Forum page access

http://192.168.16.16/bbs/install/index.php

 database server ：localhost     ### It's built locally localhost, How not to fill in on this machine IP Address and port number 
 Database name ：bbs
 Database user name ：bbsuser
 Database password ：admin123
 Administrator account :admin
 Administrator password :admin123

 Visit the forum page ：
http://192.168.16.16/bbs/index.php
http://192.168.16.16/bbs/admin.php

installation is complete

5 fpm Parameter optimization

Nginx Of PHP If the implementation of parsing function is entrusted to FPM To deal with the , In order to improve the PHP Processing speed of , But for FPM Module to adjust the parameters , According to the memory and service load of the server , adjustment FPM Module parameters

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
 
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
--96 That's ok --
pm = dynamic				#fpm Process startup mode , Dynamic 
--107 That's ok --
pm.max_children=20			#fpm The maximum number of processes started by a process 
--112 That's ok --
pm.start_servers = 5		# The number of processes started by default when starting in dynamic mode , Between the smallest and the largest 
--117 That's ok --
pm.min_spare_servers = 2	# Minimum number of idle processes in dynamic mode 
--122 That's ok --
pm.max_spare_servers = 8	# The maximum number of idle processes in dynamic mode 
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`			# restart php-fpm
 perhaps systemctl start php-fpm.service
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
ps -elf | grep php-fpm