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Tyut Taiyuan University of technology 2022 introduction to software engineering
2022-07-06 13:07:00 【Lala Lulu^_^】
There are only two short answer questions this time , Every way 5 branch , And the examination direction has been determined ( One is structured programming , One is object-oriented method ), So we just need to recite it pertinently , There is no need to memorize everything in the question bank .
I don't know what to take , But the following summary is definitely not tested , The exam will not be so complicated , Exclude the following summary , Go to other places to find the answer
Type 1 Structured programming
1、 What is structured programming ? Structured programming adopts several control structures ?
Structural programming : It is a technology of designing program , It adopts the design method of top-down and gradual refinement and the control structure of single inlet and single outlet . The order , choice , loop .
2、 What are the structured requirements analysis and description tools ?
Data flow diagram (DFD)、 The data dictionary (DD)、 Decision table 、 Decision tree 、 Structured language (PDL)、 Hierarchical block diagram 、Warnier chart 、IPO chart 、 The control flow chart (CFD)、 Control description (CSPEC)、 State transition diagram (STD)、E-R chart
3、
Type 2 Object oriented methods
1、 When developing software with object-oriented method , What three forms of models are usually needed ?
(1) An object model that describes the data structure of a system .(2) A dynamic model describing the control structure of the system .(3) Functional model describing system functions .
2、 What are the characteristics of object-oriented methods ?
(1) The objective world is composed of various objects .
(2) All objects are divided into various object classes , Each object class defines a set of data and a set of methods .
(3) According to the relationship between subclass and parent , A hierarchical system consisting of several object classes .
(4) Objects can only communicate with each other by passing messages .
3、 Characteristics of the object ?
(1) Data centric .(2) The object is active .(3) Data encapsulation is realized .(4) Essentially parallel .
(5) Good module independence .
4、 What are the definitions of objects ?
(1) An object is a collection of operations with the same state .
(2) Object is the encapsulation of attribute values and operations .
(3) object ::=<ID,MS,DS,MI> ID: Is the identification or name of the object MS Is a collection of operations in an object
DS: Is the data structure of the object MI : Is a collection of message names accepted by the object
5、 class —&— The relationship between objects can be summarized as three ?
(1) Inductive relationship : It reflects the classification relationship between a class and several incompatible subclasses .
(2) synthetic relation : It reflects the constitutive relationship between objects .
(3) Connections : Reflect the interdependence between objects 、 Interaction relationship .
6、 What are the main advantages of object-oriented methods ?
(1) Consistent with human habitual way of thinking .
(2) Good stability .(3) Good reusability .(4) Good maintainability .
7、 Tools for object-oriented analysis and modeling ( graphics ) What are they? ?
Use case diagram 、 Class diagram ( Object graph )、 Object graph 、E-R chart 、 Sequence diagram ( Event trajectory )、 State transition diagram (STD)
8、 In object-oriented analysis , What are the main static relationships between classes and objects ?
relation 、 Gather 、 generalization 、 rely on
9、 Object oriented analysis stage of software system , What kinds of models are mainly established ? What is the role of each model ?
- Use case model : Describe the system from the perspective of user requirements , Indicates that the system should “ What do you do ”. Directly reflect users' needs for the target system , Describe the transformation process of data in the system and the function of the system
- The object model : A description of the static structure of the objects in the simulated world and the relationships between them , It provides a substantial framework for establishing dynamic models and use case models
- dynamic model : It is necessary to examine the functional behavior of the object
- Physical implementation model : The physical composition of the system implementation is expressed from the perspective of the implementation subsystem and implementation elements
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