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51 lines of code, self-made TX to MySQL software!

2022-07-06 15:18:00 【Jane said Python】

Pay attention to me , Learn with an old watch Python、 Cloud server

One 、 Preface

Hello everyone , I'm an old watch , I watched it this morning B standing , I found that the home page gave me a recent attention up Lord （@ Is my _ Is my _ Is my , For the convenience of the following paragraphs, the following words are used Little yes Substitute for ） video , So I opened it , So there is the next story ～

@ Screenshot use has been approved

Little yes What I want to achieve is a task given by the teacher ： Read txt file , And store it to mysql, Just two days ago, I helped the readers write a excel to sqlserver Software for , And finally Little yes Said the present java Two problems with version ：

Can only read string Type data （ I don't quite understand this , It may be read file format or file field type ）
Dynamic modification of read file and database configuration is not supported （ Write a gui Or simply write the terminal logic program directly ）

Let me think , I can , And then it provides the idea , Occupy a pit , Next is my implementation code .

Two 、 Start thinking

All source code of this project + Environmental Science + The test files are open source , If you don't want to see the code implementation process, you can skip to the next part Direct consumption method .

2.0 Environmental preparation

What I use here is ：

python 3.10
Third party packages and corresponding versions ：

pandas==1.3.5
PyMySQL==1.0.2
SQLAlchemy==1.4.30
PySimpleGUI==4.56.0

Facilitate project environmental management , I usually use pipenv Create and manage virtual environments , If you're interested in , You can read what I wrote before pipenv Basic use tutorial .

pipenv install   #  Creating a virtual environment 
pipenv shell    #  Enter the virtual environment 

pip install pandas PyMySQL SQLAlchemy PySimpleGUI  #  Install the required packages in the virtual environment 

exit   #  Exit virtual environment , Direct closure cmd Can also be

2.1 data fetch

Looking at the sample data, we found that there are 2 Two separators , Spaces and tabs \t, So we also need to specify two separators when reading data , In addition, this file has no header , So it is convenient for data processing and storage , It is better to add the header , Consistent with the database field name .

The following code ：

import pandas as pd
'''
read_csv Parameter interpretation ：
1、 To read the file path 
2、sep  Specify the separator , Reading data , Use | You can add multiple delimiters 
3、header=None  There is no meter   The first line is the header by default 
4、engine  Set up the program engine 
'''
data = pd.read_csv('./resources/ctd2020-09-27.txt', sep=' |\t',header=None, engine='python')
data

It's not hard to see. , There are two columns for direct reading nan, This is because there are two spaces separated , No problem , We delete the entire column as nan The column of , After the data is read without error , We are adding a header , The implementation code is as follows ：

#  Read the file 
def get_txt_data(filepath):
    columns = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N']
    data = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=' |\t',header=None,engine='python')
    #  Delete all data nan The column of  （ If there is such a column , You can add , No effect ）
    data.dropna(axis=1, how='all', inplace=True) 
    #  Specifies the column name 
    data.columns = columns
    return data

get_txt_data('./resources/ctd2020-09-27.txt')

2.2 Data processing

because Little yes There is no indication of what data processing will take place （ In addition to the above data reading obstacles ）, So here we simply delete the duplicate columns , Share next time excel to sqlserver Some data processing will be involved （ Such as ： Remove duplicates according to the specified fields 、 Date format conversion, etc ）

#  Data processing 
def process_data(data):
    #  Contains no columns to process , Then simply remove the weight 、 Store in database 
    data.drop_duplicates(inplace=True)
    return data

2.3 data storage

Because we want to store data in mysql, So before storage , We need to connect to the database first , What I'm using here is sqlalchemy+pymysql link mysql database , The code is as follows ：

#  Linked database 
def link_mysql(user, password, database):
    # create_engine(" Database type + Database driven :// Database user name : Database password @IP Address : port / database ", The other parameters )
    engine = create_engine(f'mysql+pymysql://{user}:{password}@localhost:3306/{database}?charset=utf8')
    return engine

And then use pandas Of to_sql The function can simply and quickly convert Dataframe Format data is stored in the database , If you are interested, please read what I wrote before Python Data storage read ,6 A thousand words to deal with all kinds of methods , There is a comparison in it. It can be used directly pymysql And use pandas Of to_sql The difference in the rate at which data is stored , The description may not be accurate , Welcome to read and correct .

#  Store the data 
def data_to_sql(data, user='root', password='Zjh!1997', database='sql_study', table='ctd'):
    engine = link_mysql(user, password, database)
    
    #  call pandas  Of  to_sql  Store the data 
    t1 = time.time()  #  Time stamp   Unit second 
    print(' Data insertion start time ：{0}'.format(t1))
    #  The first parameter ： Table name 
    #  The second parameter ： Database connection engine 
    #  The third parameter ： Whether to store index 
    #  Fourth parameter ： If the table exists   Just append data 
    data.to_sql(table, engine, index=False, if_exists='append')
    t2 = time.time()  #  Time stamp   Unit second 
    print(' Data insertion end time ：{0}'.format(t2))
    print(' Successfully inserted data %d strip ,'%len(data), ' Time consuming ：%.5f second .'%(t2-t1))

Finally, we write a summary function , It is here that the above logic is connected ：

#  The text file is stored in mysql
def txt_to_sql(filepath, user='root', password='Zjh!1997', database='sql_study', table='ctd'):
    #  Read the file 
    data = get_txt_data(filepath)
    #  Data processing 
    data = process_data(data)
    #  data storage 
    data_to_sql(data, user, password, database, table)

2.4 Call function test

filepath = './resources/ctd2020-09-27.txt'
#  Specify only the file path , Other parameters use default values   Convenient test 
txt_to_sql(filepath)

Then you can write a database reading function to further test whether the data is really stored in the database ：

#  Reading data from a database 
def read_mysql(user='root', password='Zjh!1997', database='sql_study', table='ctd'):
    engine = link_mysql(user, password, database)
    #  Read the sql sentence 
    sql = f'select * from {table} limit 3'
    #  The first parameter ： Inquire about sql sentence 
    #  The second parameter ：engine, Database connection engine 
    pd_read_sql = pd.read_sql(sql, engine)
    return pd_read_sql

Call function , Check storage , That's all right. .

Come here , The function part of the program is finished , The next step is to write gui Interface , Make it easier for users to use , such as ： File path Database parameter input, etc .

2.5 Write a GUI

Here we are using PySimpleGUI package , As the name says , It's really simple , The bottom layer is Python Self contained tkinter.

Import related packages

#  Write a GUI
import PySimpleGUI as sg
#  Call the data store function 
from txt_to_sql import txt_to_sql

To write GUI Layout

#  Set up GUI Layout  
#  Related parameters  key： Receiving input data key target： The corresponding data is displayed to the specified target
# default_text： Set the default value of the input box 
layout = [
    [sg.Text(' Read the contents of the specified file , After processing, it is stored in the specified database table ～')],
    [sg.FileBrowse(' Click to select a file ', key='filepath', target='file'), sg.Text(key='file')],
    [sg.Text(' Login username '), sg.InputText(key='user', default_text='root', )],
    [sg.Text(' The login password '), sg.InputText(key='password', default_text='Zjh!1997')],
    [sg.Text(' Database name '), sg.InputText(key='database', default_text='sql_study')],
    [sg.Text(' Stored table name '), sg.InputText(key='table', default_text='ctd')],

    [sg.Button(' Start to deal with '), sg.Button(' sign out ')]
]

Create program window 、 Business logic

#  Create a window program 
window = sg.Window('Txt To MySQL', layout, default_element_size=(100,))
while True:
    event, values = window.read()  #  get data 
    # print(event)
    if event==' Start to deal with ':
        #  Pass input data into the data handler 
        txt_to_sql(values['filepath'], values['user'], values['password'], values['database'], values['table'])
    else:
        # event in (None, ' sign out '):  #  Click to exit   Shut down the program 
        break
window.close()

According to the effect

In the layout section ,layout For a list data , Each element in the list is also a list , Means a column , The commonly used layout modules are ：Text（ This article shows that ）、InputText（ Input box ）、Button（ General button ）、FileBrowse（ Single file selection ）;

In the create window program section , It mainly sets the default window size default_element_size, Just set the width , Height adapts to layout controls , In addition, getting the input value is very simple , direct read that will do , The dictionary is returned , Data processing is more convenient .

Come here , We will complete the development of all programs , Then there is the method of using the program directly .

3、 ... and 、 Direct consumption method

Two code files , Remove whitespace and comments , also 51 Line code , Hey ～

3.1 function

GUI Interface , Support the selection of specified files 、 Enter the database user name password Database name Table name .
Read the specified file , After data processing , Stored in the specified database table , If the table does not exist, you can directly create a new table to store data ; Otherwise, add data directly to the data table .

3.2 Usage method

Download the project code ：https://github.com/XksA-me/txt-to-mysql

Unpack and open the file ：python-Jonny, This document contains all python Code + Test data + Environmental Science +windows bat Run the file , Other documents are @ use Java Written txt to mysql Methods and related configuration files ,

Original project address ：https://github.com/schatz0-0/txt-to-mysql Original project B Station video sharing address ：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12b4y1J7pD

Continue with how to use python edition , First of all, we need to unzip the python Environment package , It can be extracted directly , No need for secondary installation . The relevant documents in the screenshot above explain ：

├── Pipfile   Virtual environment profile （ Never mind ）
├── Pipfile.lock   Virtual environments depend on package relationships （ Never mind ）
├── __pycache__  （ Never mind ）
│   └── txt_to_sql.cpython-310.pyc （ Never mind ）
├── python-Jonny-tJ_VXFMA.7z （ Virtual environment zip , You need to decompress it directly ）
├── requirements.txt （ The third... Required for this project Python package , Have been installed in the given virtual environment ）
├── resources  （ Test data ）
│   └── ctd2020-09-27.txt
├── start.bat  （windwos You can run the file directly under , Start project ）
├── txt_to_sql.py  （Python Code file , Contains data reading   Handle   Storage ）
└── txt_to_sql_gui.py  （Python Code file , contain gui Interface , Call in txt_to_sql.py file , So just run this file ）

After the virtual environment is decompressed , According to our local directory , Modify the start.bat file , The contents are as follows ：

@echo off
C:
cd C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\python-Jonny
C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\python-Jonny\python-Jonny-tJ_VXFMA\Scripts\python txt_to_sql_gui.py

exit

I don't understand this very well , Sell now , The general meaning of the above is ： Get into c Disk project directory , Then take advantage of the virtual environment python Executable file Run the code I can , Last exit Exit procedure .

What you need to modify is the file directory involved , Just be consistent with your local , I wrote it on the ECS and put it on c disc （ There's only one dish ）, You can choose to put it on other plates , Easy to manage .

After modification , Just click start.bat To run the project , A black box will pop up （cmd）, And a gui Program interface , The log of program execution output will be displayed in the black box （ It's in the program print Or misinformation ）,gui First, we need to click the button to select the stored file , Then enter the database information , Set the default value , And then click Start to deal with Button to run the program 、 Store the data , Click the exit button to close the program .

Four 、 Can expand

Currently only supported txt, And the data format is the specified type （ Spaces or tabs \t separated ）, Have the time , Everyone needs it , It can be extended to support multiple format files , Add a file suffix to identify
The interface is simple , I saw it in the morning [email protected] Is my _ Is my _ It's the video I sent , Just thought of using python Writing is also very convenient , Hasty time , The interface is quite general , But tools , It is important to realize the function at the beginning .

This project has many shortcomings and can be improved , Welcome to study and exchange ～