Database middleware_ MYCAT summary

One . Introduction

1.1. Mycat What is it?

Mycat It's database middleware .

1.1.1. database middleware

middleware ： It's a kind of computer software that connects software components and applications , In order to facilitate the communication between software components .
Example ：Tomcat,web middleware .
database middleware ： Connect java Applications and databases .

1.1.2. Why use Mycat？

① Java Tightly coupled with database .
② High access and high concurrency pressure on the database .
③ Read write request data inconsistent .

1.1.3. Database middleware comparison

database middleware ( The idea of flying in the sky , The realization of landing on the ground )

middleware	Realization
Cobar	Alibaba team development , There has been no maintenance update for many years
Mycat	be based on Cobar Secondary development , Open source community maintenance
OneProxy	Non open source commercial middleware
Kingshard	go Language development , In continuous improvement
vitess	Youtube Production is in use , I won't support it Mysql Native protocol
Atlas	360 be based on MysqlProxy rewrite , High and unstable
MaxScale	MaxScale yes mariadb R & D middleware
MysqlRoute	MysqlRoute yes Mysql official oracle Middleware released by the company

1.1.4. Mycat Its official website

http://www.mycat.io/

1.2. Mycat What for?

1.2.1. Read / write separation

1.2.2. Data fragmentation

Split Vertically （ sub-treasury ）、 Horizontal split （ table ）、 vertical + Horizontal split （ Sub database and sub table ）

1.2.3. Multiple data source integration

1.3. principle

Mycat The most important verb in the principle of is “ Intercept ”, It intercepts what the user sent SQL sentence , First of all, SQL The statement does some specific analysis ： Such as fragment analysis 、 Route analysis 、 Read write separation analysis 、 Cache analysis, etc , And then put this SQL Real database sent to the back end , And will return the results to do the appropriate processing , And finally back to the user .

In this way, the distributed database is decoupled from the code , The programmer doesn't notice that it's used in the background Mycat still MySQL.

Two . Installing the

2.1. install

2.1.1. After decompression, you can use

Unzip the file and copy it to linux Next /usr/local/

tar -zxvf Mycat-server-1.6.7.6-release-20210303094759-linux.tar.gz
cp -r mycat /usr/local

2.1.2. Three configuration files

①schema.xml： Define logical library , surface 、 Fragment node and so on
②rule.xml： Define fragmentation rules
③server.xml： Define user and system related variables , Such as port, etc

2.2. start-up

2.2.1. Modify the configuration file server.xml

 <user name="mycat" defaultAccount="true">
                <property name="password">123456</property>
                <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
        </user>

2.2.2. Modify the configuration file schema.xml

Delete table information between tags , There's only one label left , There's only one label left , Only one pair left

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
        <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
        </schema>
        <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="host1" database="MYSQLTEST" />
        <dataHost name="host1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.201.128:3306" user="root"
                                   password="123456">
                                   <readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.201.129:3306" user="root"
                                password="123456" />
                </writeHost>
         </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

2.2.3. Verify database access

Mycat As database middleware, it should be deployed on different machines with database , So verify remote access .

mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P 3306
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.201.129 -P 3306
# If remote access reports an error , Please create corresponding user 
grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]' lack of host' identified by '123456';

2.2.4. Start the program

① Console launch ： Go to mycat/bin Execute under directory ./mycat console
② Background start ： Go to mycat/bin Under the table of contents ./mycat start
In order to see the startup log for the first time , Easy to locate problems , We choose ① Console launch .

2.2.5. An error may occur during startup

If the operating system is CentOS6.8, The domain name resolution failure error may occur , Here's the picture
It can be solved by following the steps below :
① use vim modify /etc/hosts file , stay 127.0.0.1 Add your machine name later
② Restart network service after modification
Be careful ： start-up Mycat Must install JDK

2.3. Sign in

2.3.1. Log in to the background management window

This login method is used for management and maintenance Mycat

mysql -umycat -p123456 -P 9066 -h 192.168.201.128

# Common commands are as follows ：
show database;

show @@help;

2.3.2. Log in to the data window

This login method is used to log in through Mycat Query data , We choose this way to access Mycat

mysql -umycat -p123456 -P 8066 -h 192.168.201.128

3、 ... and . Set up read-write separation

We go through Mycat and MySQL The master-slave replication of the database is combined with the read-write separation of the database , Realization MySQL High availability . We're going to build ： A master from 、 Dual master and dual slave read / write separation modes .

3.1. Build a master and a slave

One host is used to handle all write requests , A slave is responsible for all read requests , The architecture is as follows

3.1.1. build MySQL Master slave replication of database

stay MySQL35- Master slave copy It says .

3.1.2. modify Mycat Configuration file for schema.xml

The previous configuration has assigned a read-write host , Whether the read-write separation has been realized ？
Verify read-write separation ：

（1） Insert... In the write host ：insert into mytbl values (1,@@hostname);
 The master-slave host data is inconsistent 
（2） stay Mycat Look in ：select * from mytbl;

Modified balance attribute , Use this property to configure the type of read-write separation

 Load balancing type , The current values are 4  Kind of ：
（1）balance="0",  Do not turn on the read-write separation mechanism , All read operations are sent to the currently available  writeHost  On .
（2）balance="1", All of the  readHost  And  stand by writeHost  Participate in  select  Statement load balancing , To put it simply , When two masters and two slaves 
 Pattern (M1->S1,M2->S2, also  M1  And  M2  Prepare for each other ), Under normal circumstances ,M2,S1,S2  All involved  select  Statement load balancing .
（3）balance="2", All the reading operations are random in  writeHost、readhost  To distribute .
（4）balance="3", All read requests are randomly distributed to  readhost  perform ,writerHost  No pressure to read 

In order to see the effect of read-write separation , hold balance Set to 2, The query will be switched between the two hosts

<dataHost name="host1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="2"
writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"
slaveThreshold="100">

3.1.3. start-up Mycat

3.1.4. Verify read-write separation

#（1） Writing host database table mytbl Insert data with system variables into , Cause inconsistency between master and slave data 
INSERT INTO mytbl VALUES(2,@@hostname);
#（2） stay Mycat Look in mytbl surface , You can see that the query statement switches between the master and slave hosts 

3.2. Build double master and double slave

A mainframe m1 Used to handle all write requests , Its slaves s1 And another host m2 And its slaves s2 Responsible for all read requests . When m1 After the host goes down ,m2 The host is responsible for writing requests ,m1、m2 Stand by each other . The architecture is as follows

Number	role	IP Address	machine name
1	Master1	192.168.201.128	root-zyy128
2	Slave1	192.168.201.129	root-zyy129
3	Master2	192.168.201.130	root-zyy130
4	Slave2	192.168.201.131	root-zyy131

3.2.1. build MySQL Master slave replication of database （ Two masters and two slaves ）

① Dual host configuration
Master1 To configure
Modify the configuration file ：vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
#[ Optional ] 0（ Default ） Read and write （ host ）,1 Indicates read-only （ Slave ）
#read-only=0
#[ must ] The primary server is unique ID
server-id=1
#[ must ] Enable binary logging , Named path . such as ： My own local path /log/mysqlbin
log-bin="/var/lib/mysql/binlog/zyy128-bin"
# Control the size of a single binary log . The maximum and default values for this parameter are 1GB
max_binlog_size=200M
#[ Optional ] Set up the database not to be copied 
binlog-ignore-db=test
#[ Optional ] Set up binlog Format 
binlog_format=STATEMENT
#[ Optional ] Set up the database to be copied , Default all records . such as ：binlog-do-db=atguigu_master_slave
binlog-do-db=MYSQLTEST
# As a slave database , If there is a write operation, it is also necessary to update the binary log file 
log-slave-updates
# Represents the amount of each increment of the self growing field , Refers to the starting value of self growth , The default value is 1, The value range is 1 To 65535
auto-increment-increment=2
# Indicates the number from which the self growing field starts , Refers to how many fields are incremented at a time , The value range is 1 To 65535
auto-increment-offset=1

Master2 To configure
Modify the configuration file ：vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
#[ Optional ] 0（ Default ） Read and write （ host ）,1 Indicates read-only （ Slave ）
#read-only=0
#[ must ] The primary server is unique ID
server-id=3
#[ must ] Enable binary logging , Named path . such as ： My own local path /log/mysqlbin
log-bin="/var/lib/mysql/binlog/zyy130-bin"
# Control the size of a single binary log . The maximum and default values for this parameter are 1GB
max_binlog_size=200M
#[ Optional ] Set up the database not to be copied 
binlog-ignore-db=test
#[ Optional ] Set up binlog Format 
binlog_format=STATEMENT
#[ Optional ] Set up the database to be copied , Default all records . such as ：binlog-do-db=atguigu_master_slave
binlog-do-db=MYSQLTEST
# As a slave database , If there is a write operation, it is also necessary to update the binary log file 
log-slave-updates
## Represents the amount of each increment of the self growing field , Refers to the starting value of self growth , The default value is 1, The value range is 1 To 65535
auto-increment-increment=2
## Indicates the number from which the self growing field starts , Refers to how many fields are incremented at a time , The value range is 1 To 65535
auto-increment-offset=2

② Dual slave configuration
Slave1 To configure
Modify the configuration file ：vim /etc/my.cnf

# From the server only ID
server-id=2
# Enable relay logging 
relay-log=mysql-relay

Slave2 To configure
Modify the configuration file ：vim /etc/my.cnf

# From the server only ID
server-id=4
# Enable relay logging 
relay-log=mysql-relay

③ Dual host 、 Double slave restart mysql service
④ The host and slave turn off the firewall
⑤ Set up accounts on both hosts and authorize mcyat

# Host computer MySQL To carry out the authorization order in the library 
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mycat'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123123';
# Inquire about Master1 The state of 
show master status;

# Inquire about Master2 The state of 
show master status;

# Record separately File and Position Value
# Do not operate the master server after this step MYSQL, Prevent the state value of the primary server from changing
⑥ Configure the master to be replicated on the slave
Slava1 Copy Master1,Slava2 Copy Master2

# Command to copy host 
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=' The host IP Address ',
MASTER_USER='mycat',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin. Specific figures ',MASTER_LOG_POS= Specific value ;

# Start the replication function of two slave servers

start slave;

# View the status of the slave server

show slave status\G;

# The following two parameters are Yes, The master-slave configuration is successful ！

# Slave_IO_Running: Yes
# Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

⑦ Two hosts copy each other
Master2 Copy Master1,Master1 Copy Master2

# Master2 Copy command of 
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.201.128',MASTER_USER='mycat',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='zyy130-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=156;
# Master1 Copy command of 
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.201.128',MASTER_USER='mycat',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='zyy128-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=156;

# Start the replication function of two master servers

start slave;

# View the status of the slave server

show slave status\G;

⑧ Master1 Host new library 、 new table 、insert Record ,Master2 And slave copy

USE MYSQLTEST;

⑨ How to stop replication from the service

stop slave;

⑩ How to reconfigure master-slave

stop slave;
reset master;

3.3. modify Mycat Configuration file for schema.xml

Modified balance attribute , Use this property to configure the type of read-write separation

 Load balancing type , The current values are 4  Kind of ：
（1）balance="0",  Do not turn on the read-write separation mechanism , All read operations are sent to the currently available  writeHost  On .
（2）balance="1", All of the  readHost  And  stand by writeHost  Participate in  select  Statement load balancing , To put it simply , When two masters and two slaves 
 Pattern (M1->S1,M2->S2, also  M1  And  M2  Prepare for each other ), Under normal circumstances ,M2,S1,S2  All involved  select  Statement load balancing .
（3）balance="2", All the reading operations are random in  writeHost、readhost  To distribute .
（4）balance="3", All read requests are randomly distributed to  readhost  perform ,writerHost  No pressure to read 

For dual master and dual slave read-write separation balance Set to 1

...

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
        <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
        </schema>
        <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="host1" database="MYSQLTEST" />
        <dataHost name="host1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="2"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.228.128:3306" user="root"
                                   password="123456">
                                   <readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.228.129:3306" user="root"
                                password="123456" />
                </writeHost>
         </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

...

#balance="1":  All of the readHost And stand by writeHost Participate in select Statement load balancing .
#writeType="0":  All writes are sent to the first of the configuration writeHost, The first one is cut to the second one that still exists 
#writeType="1", All writes are sent randomly to the configured  writeHost,1.5  It is not recommended to discard it later 
#writeHost, After restart, the one after switching shall prevail , The switch is recorded in the configuration file :dnindex.properties .
#switchType="1": 1  The default value is , Automatic switch .
# -1  Does not automatically switch 
# 2  be based on  MySQL  The state of master-slave synchronization determines whether to switch .

3.4. start-up Mycat

3.5. Verify read-write separation

# Writing to host Master1 Database table mytbl Insert data with system variables into , Cause inconsistency between master and slave data

INSERT INTO mytbl VALUES(3,@@hostname);

# stay Mycat Look in mytbl surface , You can see the query statement in Master2（host130）、Slava1（host129）、Slava2（host131） Switching between master and slave hosts

3.5. Resistance to risk

# Stop database Master1

systemctl stop mysqld

# stay Mycat Inserting data into the is still successful ,Master2 Automatically switch to write host

INSERT INTO mytbl VALUES(3,@@hostname);

# Start database Master1

systemctl start mysqld

# stay Mycat Look in mytbl surface , You can see the query statement in Master1（host128）、Slava1（host129）、Slava2（host131） Switching between master and slave hosts
Master1、Master2 Mutual standby , The host responsible for writing is down , The standby switch is responsible for writing , Ensure the separation of database reading and writing and high availability .

Four . Split Vertically —— sub-treasury

A database is made up of many tables , Each table corresponds to a different business , Vertical segmentation refers to the classification of tables according to business , Distributed to different The database above , In this way, data or pressure will be shared among different databases , Here's the picture ：

The system is divided into , user , Order transaction , Pay for several modules .

4.1. How to divide tables

A problem ： Tables in two databases on two hosts , Can the query be associated ？
answer ： It is not allowed to associate queries .
The principle of sub database ： Closely related tables should be in a library , Tables that are not related to each other can be divided into different libraries .

# Customer list  rows:20 ten thousand 
CREATE TABLE customer(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(200),
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);
# The order sheet  rows:600 ten thousand 
CREATE TABLE orders(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
order_type INT,
customer_id INT,
amount DECIMAL(10,2),
PRIMARY KEY(id));

# Order details  rows:600 ten thousand 
CREATE TABLE orders_detail(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
detail VARCHAR(2000),
order_id INT,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);
# Order status dictionary table  rows:20
CREATE TABLE dict_order_type(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
order_type VARCHAR(200),
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

How to divide the above four tables ？ The customer table is divided into a database , The other three need to be associated with the query , In another database .

4.2. Realize the sub library

4.2.1. modify schema The configuration file

<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

        <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
                <table name="customer" dataNode="dn2"></table>
        </schema>
        <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="host1" database="orders" />
        <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="host2" database="orders" />
        <dataHost name="host1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.201.128:3306" user="mycat"
                                   password="123456">
                </writeHost>
         </dataHost>
        <dataHost name="host2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.201.130:3306" user="mycat"
                                   password="123456">
                </writeHost>
        </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

4.2.2. Add two blank Libraries

Sub database operation is not in the original old database operation , Two machines need to be prepared to install the new database
# At the data node dn1、dn2 Create databases separately on orders

CREATE DATABASE orders;

4.2.3. start-up Mycat

./mycat console

4.2.4. visit Mycat Carry out the sub Library

# visit  Mycat
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P 8066
# Switch to  TESTDB
# establish  4  A watch 
# View table information , You can see the successful sub database 

5、 ... and . Horizontal split —— table

Split relative to vertical , Horizontal splitting is not about classifying tables , But according to a certain rule of a certain field, it is scattered into multiple libraries , In each table Contains some data . Simply speaking , We can understand the horizontal segmentation of data as the segmentation of data lines , It is to split some rows in a table To a database , And some of the other rows are split into other databases , Pictured ：

5.1. Realize the sub table

5.1.1. Select the table to split

MySQL There is a bottleneck in the number of data stored in a single table , A single table achieves 1000 Ten thousand pieces of data have reached the bottleneck , It will affect the query efficiency , It needs to be split horizontally （ table ） To optimize .
for example ： In the example orders、orders_detail Have reached 600 Ten thousand rows of data , We need to optimize the sub table .

5.1.2. Sub table field

With orders Table as an example , You can divide tables according to different self fields

Number	Sub table field	effect
1	id（ Primary key 、 Or creation time ）	Order query focuses on timeliness , Historical orders are queried less often , Such fragmentation will cause one node to access multiple nodes , One question less , Uneven .
2	customer_id（ Customer id）	According to the customer id Disjunction , The average number of accesses between the two nodes , All orders of a customer are in the same node

5.1.3. Modify the configuration file schema.xml

# by orders Table set the data node to dn1、dn2, And specify the partition rule as mod_rule（ Custom name ）

<table name="orders" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="mod_rule" ></table>

# Here's the picture

5.1.4. Modify the configuration file rule.xml

# stay  rule  Add fragmentation rules to the configuration file  mod_rule, And specify the rule for the field  customer_id,
# There are also selective slicing algorithms  mod-long（ Moduling fields ）,customer_id  Moduling two nodes , Slice according to the results 
# Configuration algorithm  mod-long  Parameters  count  by  2, Two nodes 
<tableRule name="mod_rule">
<rule>
<columns>customer_id</columns>
<algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
</rule>
</tableRule>
<function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
<!-- how many data nodes -->
<property name="count">2</property>
</function>

# Here's the picture ：

5.1.5. At the data node dn2 Shangjian orders surface

5.1.6. restart Mycat, Make the configuration work

5.1.7. visit Mycat Realize fragmentation

# stay  mycat  Inward  orders  Table insert data ,INSERT  Fields cannot be omitted 
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES (1,101,100,100100);
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES(2,101,100,100300);
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES(3,101,101,120000);
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES(4,101,101,103000);
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES(5,102,101,100400);
INSERT INTO orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) VALUES(6,102,100,100020);

# stay mycat、dn1、dn2 View in orders Table data , Sub table success

5.2. Mycat The fragmentation of “join”

Orders The order table has been divided into different tables , It's associated with orders_detail How to proceed with the order details form join Inquire about .
We need to orders_detail We also need to do slicing .Join The principle is shown in the figure below ：

5.2.1. ER surface

Mycat Learn from it NewSQL A rookie in the field Foundation DB Design idea ,Foundation DB Innovatively put forward Table Group The concept of , It depends on the storage location of the child table on the main table , And physically close to each other , So it completely solved JION The efficiency and performance of topic , According to this idea , Based on E-R Data fragmentation strategy for relationships , The records of the child table and the associated parent table are stored in the same data fragment .
# modify schema.xml The configuration file

<table name="orders" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="mod_rule" >
<childTable name="orders_detail" primaryKey="id" joinKey="order_id" parentKey="id" />
</table>

# stay  dn2  establish  orders_detail  surface 
# restart  Mycat
# visit  Mycat  towards  orders_detail  Table insert data 
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) values(1,'detail1',1);
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) VALUES(2,'detail1',2);
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) VALUES(3,'detail1',3);
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) VALUES(4,'detail1',4);
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) VALUES(5,'detail1',5);
INSERT INTO orders_detail(id,detail,order_id) VALUES(6,'detail1',6);
# stay mycat、dn1、dn2 Run two tables in join sentence 
Select o.*,od.detail from orders o inner join orders_detail od on o.id=od.order_id;

5.2.2. Global table

In the case of fragmentation , When the business table is fragmented due to its size , The association between business tables and these attached dictionary tables , It becomes a comparison A tricky question , Consider the following features of a dictionary table ：
① Changes are not frequent .
② The total amount of data has not changed much .
③ The data is not big , There are rarely more than a hundred thousand records .
In view of this ,Mycat A special table is defined , be called “ Global table ”, The global table has the following properties ：
① Insert global table 、 The update operation will be performed on all nodes in real time , Keep the data consistency of each segment .
② Query operation of global table , Get... From only one node .
③ The global table can follow any table JOIN operation .
Define a dictionary table or some tables that conform to the characteristics of a dictionary table as a global table , On the other hand , Well solved the data JOIN The problem of . Through the global table + be based on E-R The segmentation strategy of relationship ,Mycat You can meet 80% The above enterprise application development .
# modify schema.xml The configuration file

<table name="orders" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="mod_rule" >
<childTable name="orders_detail" primaryKey="id" joinKey="order_id" parentKey="id" />
</table>
<table name="dict_order_type" dataNode="dn1,dn2" type="global" ></table>

# stay  dn2  establish  dict_order_type  surface 
# restart  Mycat
# visit  Mycat  towards  dict_order_type  Table insert data 
INSERT INTO dict_order_type(id,order_type) VALUES(101,'type1');
INSERT INTO dict_order_type(id,order_type) VALUES(102,'type2');
# stay Mycat、dn1、dn2 Query table data in 
select * from dict_order_type;

5.3. Commonly used fragmentation rules

5.3.1. modulus

This rule is for the calculation of segmented fields . It is also the most commonly used rule of horizontal sub table .5.1 In the configuration sub table ,orders Table applies this rule .

5.3.2. Piecewise enumeration

By configuring possible enumerations in the configuration file id, Make your own configuration , This rule applies to specific scenarios , For example, some businesses need to be preserved according to provinces or districts , And all the provinces and counties in China have fixed , This kind of business uses this rule .
（1） modify schema.xml The configuration file

<table name="orders_ware_info" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="sharding_by_intfile" ></table>

（2） modify rule.xml The configuration file

<tableRule name="sharding_by_intfile">
	<rule>
			<columns>areacode</columns>
			<algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
	</rule>
</tableRule>

<function name="hash-int"
		class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
		<property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
		<property name="type">1</property>
		<property name="defaultNode">0</property>
</function>
# columns： Fragment field ,algorithm： Piecewise functions 
# mapFile： Identify the profile name ,type：0 by int type 、 Not 0 by String,
#defaultNode： Default node : Less than  0  Indicates that the default node is not set , Greater than or equal to  0  Indicates setting the default node ,
#  Set the default node if it encounters an unrecognized enumeration value , Just route it to the default node , If it is not set, an error will be reported 

（3） modify partition-hash-int.txt The configuration file

110=0
120=1

（4） restart Mycat
（5） visit Mycat Create table

# Information table of the region where the order belongs 
CREATE TABLE orders_ware_info
(
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT comment ' Number ',
`order_id` INT comment ' The order no. ',
`address` VARCHAR(200) comment ' Address ',
`areacode` VARCHAR(20) comment ' Area number ',
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

（6） insert data

INSERT INTO ORDERS_WARE_INFO(id, order_id,address,areacode) VALUES (1,1,' Beijing ','110');
INSERT INTO ORDERS_WARE_INFO(id, order_id,address,areacode) VALUES (2,2,' tianjin ','120');

（7） Inquire about Mycat、dn1、dn2 You can see the effect of data fragmentation

5.3.3. Scope agreement

This partition is applicable to , Plan in advance which partition field belongs to .
（1） modify schema.xml The configuration file

<table name="payment_info" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="auto_sharding_long" ></table>

（2） modify rule.xml The configuration file

<tableRule name="auto_sharding_long">
<rule>
<columns>order_id</columns>
<algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
</rule>
</tableRule>
...
<function name="rang-long"
class="io.mycat.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
<property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
<property name="defaultNode">0</property>
</function>
# columns： Fragment field ,algorithm： Piecewise functions 
# mapFile： Identify the profile name 
#defaultNode： Default node : Less than  0  Indicates that the default node is not set , Greater than or equal to  0  Indicates setting the default node ,
#  Set the default node if it encounters an unrecognized enumeration value , Just route it to the default node , If you don't set no recognition 
 Report errors 

（3） modify autopartition-long.txt The configuration file

vim conf/autopartition-long.txt

0-102=0
103-200=1

notes ： Need to put mycat Take out the three lines that come with you , Otherwise, it will report a mistake ！！！
（4） restart Mycat
（5） visit Mycat Create table

CREATE TABLE payment_info
(
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT comment ' Number ',
`order_id` INT comment ' The order no. ',
`payment_status` INT comment ' Payment status ',
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

（6） insert data

INSERT INTO PAYMENT_INFO(id,order_id,payment_status) VALUES (1,101,0);
INSERT INTO PAYMENT_INFO(id,order_id,payment_status) VALUES (2,102,1);
INSERT INTO PAYMENT_INFO(id,order_id ,payment_status) VALUES (3,103,0);
INSERT INTO PAYMENT_INFO(id,order_id,payment_status) VALUES (4,104,1);

（7） Inquire about Mycat、dn1、dn2 You can see the effect of data fragmentation

5.3.4. By date （ God ） Fragmentation

This rule is divided by day . Set the time format 、 Range
（1） modify schema.xml The configuration file

<table name="login_info" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="sharding_by_date" ></table>

（2） modify rule.xml The configuration file

<tableRule name="sharding_by_date">
<rule>
<columns>login_date</columns>
<algorithm>shardingByDate</algorithm>
</rule>
</tableRule>
...
<function name="shardingByDate" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByDate">
<property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
<property name="sBeginDate">2019-01-01</property>
<property name="sEndDate">2019-01-04</property>
<property name="sPartionDay">2</property>
</function>
# columns： Fragment field ,algorithm： Piecewise functions 
#dateFormat ： Date format 
#sBeginDate ： Start date 
#sEndDate： End date , Then it represents that the data reaches the partition of the date, and then the loop starts from the partition insertion 
#sPartionDay ： Partition days , From the start date by default , Separate  2  Day one division 

（3） restart Mycat
（4） visit Mycat Create table

CREATE TABLE LOGIN_INFO
(
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT comment ' Number ',
`user_id` INT comment ' The user id ',
`login_date` date comment ' Login date ',
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

（6） insert data

INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (1,101,'2019-01-01');
INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (2,102,'2019-01-02');
INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (3,103,'2019-01-03');
INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (4,104,'2019-01-04');
INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (5,103,'2019-01-05');
INSERT INTO LOGIN_INFO(id,user_id,login_date) VALUES (6,104,'2019-01-06');

（7） Inquire about Mycat、dn1、dn2 You can see the effect of data fragmentation

5.4. Global sequence

In the case of implementing sub database and sub table , Database auto increment primary key can't guarantee the global uniqueness of auto increment primary key . So ,Mycat Provides the overall picture sequence, And provides a variety of implementation methods including local configuration and database configuration .

5.4.1. Local files

This way Mycat take sequence Configure to a file , When used to sequence After configuration in ,Mycat It will be worse classpath Medium sequence_conf.properties In file sequence The current value .
① advantage ： Local load , Read faster
② shortcoming ： Poor risk resistance ,Mycat After the host machine goes down , Unable to read local file .

5.4.2. Database mode

Using a table in a database To count and accumulate . But not every time a sequence is generated it reads and writes to the database , That's inefficient .Mycat Some segments will be preloaded to Mycat The memory of the , In this way, most of the read and write sequences are completed in memory . If you run out of segments in memory Mycat Will ask the database again .
ask ： Then if Mycat collapsed , The sequence in the memory is not gone ？
Yes . If so , that Mycat After startup, it will apply to the database for a new segment , The original segment will be discarded .
That is to say if Mycat restart , Then the loss is the number of the current segment that has not been used up , So the primary key doesn't repeat
① Library creation sequence script

# stay  dn1  Create a global sequence table on 
CREATE TABLE MYCAT_SEQUENCE (NAME VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,current_value INT NOT
NULL,increment INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 100, PRIMARY KEY(NAME)) ENGINE=INNODB;
# The function required to create a global sequence 
DELIMITER $$
CREATE FUNCTION mycat_seq_currval(seq_name VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS VARCHAR(64)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE retval VARCHAR(64);
SET retval="-999999999,null";
SELECT CONCAT(CAST(current_value AS CHAR),",",CAST(increment AS CHAR)) INTO retval FROM
MYCAT_SEQUENCE WHERE NAME = seq_name;
RETURN retval;
END $$
DELIMITER ;


DELIMITER $$
CREATE FUNCTION mycat_seq_setval(seq_name VARCHAR(50),VALUE INTEGER) RETURNS
VARCHAR(64)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
UPDATE MYCAT_SEQUENCE
SET current_value = VALUE
WHERE NAME = seq_name;
RETURN mycat_seq_currval(seq_name);
END $$
DELIMITER ;

DELIMITER $$
CREATE FUNCTION mycat_seq_nextval(seq_name VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS VARCHAR(64)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
UPDATE MYCAT_SEQUENCE
SET current_value = current_value + increment WHERE NAME = seq_name;
RETURN mycat_seq_currval(seq_name);
END $$
DELIMITER ;

# Initialize sequence table record 
INSERT INTO MYCAT_SEQUENCE(NAME,current_value,increment) VALUES ('ORDERS', 400000,100);

② modify Mycat To configure
# modify sequence_db_conf.properties

vim sequence_db_conf.properties
# intend  ORDERS This sequence is in dn1 On this node , Specifically dn1 Which machine is the node , Please refer to schema.xml

# modify server.xml
vim server.xml

# Global sequence type ：0- Local files ,1- Database mode ,2- Time stamp method . This should be changed to 1.

③ restart Mycat
④ Verify the global sequence

# Sign in  Mycat, insert data 
insert into orders(id,amount,customer_id,order_type) values(next value for
MYCATSEQ_ORDERS,1000,101,102);
# Query data 

# restart Mycat after , Insert data again , The query again 

5.4.3. Time stamp method

Global sequence ID= 64 Bit binary (42( millisecond )+5( machine ID)+5( Business coding )+12( Add up again and again ) Convert to decimal to 18 In figures long type , Every millisecond can be concurrent 12 The accumulation of bits and bits .
① advantage ： Simple configuration
② shortcoming ：18 position ID Too long

5.4.4. Self generated global sequence

Can be found in java Generate the global sequence in the project , as follows ：
① According to the business logic
② You can use redis Single thread atomicity of incr To generate a sequence , But autonomous generation needs to be used separately in the project java Code implementation , Still recommended Mycat With its own global sequence .

6、 ... and . be based on HA The mechanism Mycat High availability

In the actual project ,Mycat Services also need to consider high availability , If Mycat The server is down , or Mycat Service failure , A standby machine is needed to provide services , You need to consider Mycat colony .

6.1. High availability solution

We can use HAProxy + Keepalived With two Mycat Set up Mycat colony , Achieve high availability .HAProxy Realized MyCat Multi node cluster high availability and load balancing , and HAProxy Its high availability can be achieved through Keepalived To achieve .

Number	role	IP Address	machine name
1	Mycat1	192.168.201.128	root-zyy128
2	Mycat2	192.168.201.130	root-zyy130
3	HAProxy（master）	192.168.201.129	root-zyy129
4	Keepalived（master）	192.168.201.129	root-zyy129
5	HAProxy（backup）	192.168.201.131	root-zyy131
6	Keepalived（backup）	192.168.201.131	root-zyy131

6.2. Installation configuration HAProxy

6.2.1. install HAProxy

1. Get ready HAProxy Installation package , to /opt Under the table of contents .
   Download address ：https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/

2. Unzip to /usr/local/src

tar -zxvf haproxy-2.4.8.tar.gz
cp -r haproxy-2.4.8 /usr/local/src/

3. Enter the unzipped directory , View kernel version , Compile

cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-2.4.8/
uname -r
make TARGET=linux310 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy ARCH=x86_64

# ARGET=linux310, Kernel version , Use uname -r View kernel , Such as ：3.10.0-514.el7, At this point, the parameter is linux310;
#ARCH=x86_64, System digits ;
#PREFIX=/usr/local/haprpxy #/usr/local/haprpxy, by haprpxy The installation path .

If you make a mistake ：

sudo yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libstdc++-devel

4. After compilation , Installation

make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy

5. After installation , Create directory 、 establish HAProxy The configuration file

mkdir -p /usr/data/haproxy/
vim /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf

6. Insert the following configuration information into the configuration file , And save

global
log 127.0.0.1 local0
#log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice
#log loghost local0 info
maxconn 4096
chroot /usr/local/haproxy
pidfile /usr/data/haproxy/haproxy.pid
uid 99
gid 99
daemon
#debug
#quiet
defaults
log global
mode tcp
option abortonclose
option redispatch
retries 3
maxconn 2000
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
listen proxy_status
bind :48066
mode tcp
balance roundrobin
server mycat_1 192.168.201.128:8066 check inter 10s
server mycat_2 192.168.201.130:8066 check inter 10s
frontend admin_stats
bind :7777
mode http
stats enable
option httplog
maxconn 10
stats refresh 30s
stats uri /admin
stats auth admin:123123
stats hide-version
stats admin if TRUE

6.2.2. Start validation

1. start-up HAProxy

/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf

2. see HAProxy process

ps -ef|grep haproxy

3. Open browser access

http://192.168.201.129:7777/admin
# Enter the user name in the pop-up box ：admin password ：123123

4. Verify load balancing , adopt HAProxy visit Mycat

mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.129 -P 48066

6.3. To configure Keepalived

6.3.1. install Keepalived

1. Get ready Keepalived Installation package , to /opt Under the table of contents
   Download address ：https://www.keepalived.org/download.html
2. Unzip to /usr/local/src

tar -zxvf keepalived-2.0.20.tar.gz
mv -i keepalived-2.0.20 /usr/local/src/

3. Enter the unzipped directory , To configure , Compile

cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.0.20/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

4. Compile , Install after completion

yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel
make
make install

5. Configuration before operation

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.0.20/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.0.20/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

6. Modify the configuration file

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
# The main engine is equipped with MASTER, Spare parts BACKUP
state MASTER
# Network card of the machine 
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
# The higher the value, the higher the priority 
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
# fictitious IP
192.168.201.200
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.201.200 48066 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind NAT
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.201.129 48066 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.201.131 48600 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}

6.3.2. Start validation

1. start-up Keepalived

service keepalived start

2. validate logon

mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.200 -P 48066

6.4. Test high availability

1. testing procedure

#1 close mycat
#2 Through virtual ip Query data 
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.200 -P 48066

7、 ... and . Mycat Security Settings

7.1. Access configuration

7.1.1. user Tag permission control

at present Mycat The connection control of middleware is not too complex , At present, it only controls the read and write permissions at the level of middleware logical library . It's through server.xml Of user Label to configure .

#server.xml The configuration file user part 
<user name="mycat">
<property name="password">123456</property>
<property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
</user>
<user name="user">
<property name="password">user</property>
<property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
<property name="readOnly">true</property>
</user>

Here's the picture ：

Configuration instructions

Tag attributes	explain
name	Logical connection of user name application middleware
password	The password of the user
TESTDB	Apply the corresponding logical table in the logical library of the current connection .schemas You can configure one or more
readOnly	The permissions of application connection middleware logical library .true As read-only ,false For both reading and writing , The default is false

Test cases

# Test case 1 
#  Use user user , Permission is read-only （readOnly：true）
#  Verify whether the data can be queried , Verify that data can be written 

1. use user The user login , Run the command as follows ：

mysql -uuser -puser -h 192.168.201.128 -P8066

2. Switch to TESTDB database , Inquire about orders Table data , as follows ：

use TESTDB
select * from orders;

3. You can query the data , Here's the picture
   
4. Perform insert data sql, as follows ：

insert into orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) values(7,101,101,10000);

5. You can see the running results , Insert the failure , Read only permission only , Here's the picture ：
   
   Test case 2

#  Use mycat user , Permissions are read and write （readOnly：false）
#  Verify whether the data can be queried , Verify that data can be written 

1. use mycat The user login , Run the command as follows ：

mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P8066

2. Switch to TESTDB database , Inquire about orders Table data , as follows ：

use TESTDB
select * from orders;

3. You can query the data , Here's the picture
   
4. Perform insert data sql, as follows ：

insert into orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) values(7,101,101,10000);

5. You can see the running results , Insert the success , Here's the picture ：
   

7.1.2. privileges Tag permission control

stay user Label under privileges Tags can be used for logical Libraries （schema）、 surface （table） To refine DML Access control .
privileges Label under check attribute , If true Turn on permission check , by false Don't open , The default is false.
because Mycat One user's schemas Property to configure multiple logical Libraries （schema） , therefore privileges The child nodes of schema Nodes can also be configured with multiple , Fine grained... For multiple databases and tables DML Access control .

#server.xml The configuration file privileges part 
# To configure orders The table does not have the authority to add, delete, modify and search 
<user name="mycat">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
		<!--  Table level  DML  permissions  -->
		<privileges check="true">
				<schema name="TESTDB" dml="1111" >
						<table name="orders" dml="0000"></table>
						<!--<table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>-->
				</schema>
		</privileges>
</user>

Configuration instructions ：

DML jurisdiction	increase （insert）	to update （update）	Inquire about （select）	Delete （select）
0000	prohibit	prohibit	prohibit	prohibit
0010	prohibit	prohibit	Sure	prohibit
1110	Sure	prohibit	prohibit	prohibit
1111	Sure	Sure	Sure	Sure

Test case 1

#  Use mycat user ,privileges To configure orders The table permission is to prohibit addition, deletion, modification and query （dml="0000"）
#  Verify whether the data can be queried , Verify that data can be written 
#1、 restart mycat, use mycat The user login , Run the command as follows ：
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P8066
#2、 Switch to TESTDB database , Inquire about orders Table data , as follows ：
use TESTDB
select * from orders;
#3、 Prohibit the user from querying data , Here's the picture 

#4、 Perform insert data sql, as follows ：
insert into orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) values(8,101,101,10000);
#5、 You can see the running results , Prohibit the user from inserting data , Here's the picture ：

Test case 2

#  Use mycat user ,privileges To configure orders The table permission is that you can add, delete, modify and query （dml="1111"）
#  Verify whether the data can be queried , Verify that data can be written 

#1、 restart mycat, use mycat The user login , Run the command as follows ：
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P8066
#2、 Switch to TESTDB database , Inquire about orders Table data , as follows ：
use TESTDB
select * from orders;
#3、 You can query the data , Here's the picture 

#4、 Perform insert data sql, as follows ：
insert into orders(id,order_type,customer_id,amount) values(8,101,101,10000);
#5、 You can see the running results , Insert the success , Here's the picture ：

#4、 Perform insert data sql, as follows ：
delete from orders where id in (7,8);
#5、 You can see the running results , Insert the success , Here's the picture ：

7.2. SQL Intercept

firewall Tags are used to define firewalls ;firewall Next whitehost Labels are used to define IP White list ,blacklist Used to define SQL The blacklist .

7.2.1. White list

You can set the white list , Realize that a host and a user can access Mycat, Other host users are forbidden to access .

# Set the whitelist 
#server.xml The configuration file firewall label 
# Configuration only 192.168.140.128 The host can go through mycat User access 
<firewall>
	<whitehost>
			<host host="192.168.140.128" user="mycat"/>
	</whitehost>
</firewall>

# restart Mycat after ,192.168.201.128 Host use mycat User access 
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P 8066
# Normal access , Here's the picture 

# Change the host here user User access , Blocking access 

7.2.2. The blacklist

You can set up a blacklist , Realization Mycat To be specific SQL Operational interception , Such as adding, deleting, modifying, checking, etc .

# Set a blacklist 
#server.xml The configuration file firewall label 
# Configuration inhibit mycat Users delete 
<firewall>
		<whitehost>
				<host host="192.168.201.128" user="mycat"/>
		</whitehost>
		<blacklist check="true">
				<property name="deleteAllow">false</property>
		</blacklist>
</firewall>

# restart Mycat after ,192.168.201.128 Host use mycat User access 
mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.201.128 -P 8066
# Normal access , Here's the picture 

# Switch TESTDB After the database , Execute delete data statement 
delete from orders where id=7;
# After running, it is found that deleting data has been prohibited , Here's the picture 

Blacklist that can be set SQL List of interception functions

Configuration item	The default value	describe
selelctAllow	true	No allow execution SELECT sentence
deleteAllow	true	No allow execution DELETE sentence
updateAllow	true	No allow execution UPDATE sentence
insertAllow	true	No allow execution INSERT sentence
createTableAllow	true	Allow table creation
setAllow	true	Is it allowed to use SET grammar
alterTableAllow	true	Whether to allow execution Alter Table sentence
dropTableAllow	true	Is it allowed to modify the table
commitAllow	true	Whether to allow execution commit operation
rollbackAllow	true	Whether to allow execution roll back operation

8、 ... and . Mycat Monitoring tools

8.1. Mycat-web brief introduction

Mycat-web yes Mycat Visual operation and maintenance management and monitoring platform , Make up for Mycat There's a gap in monitoring . help Mycat Share statistical and configuration management tasks .Mycat-web Introduced ZooKeeper As configuration center , You can manage multiple nodes .Mycat-web Main management and monitoring Mycat Of traffic 、 Connect 、 Active threads and memory, etc , Have IP White list 、 E-mail alarm module , You can count SQL And analyze slow SQL And high frequency SQL etc. . To optimize SQL Provide evidence .

8.2. Mycat-web Configuration and use

8.2.1. ZooKeeper install

1. Download installation package http://zookeeper.apache.org/
2. Install package copy to Linux System /opt Under the table of contents , And extract the

tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.11.tar.gz

3. Get into ZooKeeper Unzipped configuration directory （conf）, Copy the configuration file and rename it

cd /opt/zookeeper-3.4.11/conf
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

4. Get into ZooKeeper Command directory for （bin）, Run the start command

./zkServer.sh start

5. ZooKeeper The service port is 2181, The view service has been started

netstat -ant | grep 2181

8.2.2. Mycat-web install

1. Download installation package http://www.mycat.io/
2. Install package copy to Linux System /opt Under the table of contents , And extract the

tar -zxvf Mycat-web-1.0-SNAPSHOT-20170102153329-linux.tar.gz

3. Copy mycat-web Folder to /usr/local Under the table of contents

cp -r mycat-web /usr/local

4. Get into mycat-web Run the start command under the directory of

cd /usr/local/mycat-web/
./start.sh &

5. Mycat-web The service port is 8082, The view service has been started

netstat -ant | grep 8082

6. Access the service through an address

http://192.168.201.130:8082/mycat/

8.2.3. Mycat-web To configure

The installation steps are as follows ：

1. First configure... In the registry ZooKeeper Address , Refresh the page after configuration , so
   
2. newly added Mycat Monitoring instance
   
   

8.3. Mycat Performance monitoring indicators

Mycat-web It can be done on the Internet Mycat Performance monitoring , for example ： Memory sharing 、 Flow analysis 、 Connection analysis 、 Active thread analysis, etc .