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Configuration of routers and static routes
2022-08-05 06:22:00 【sologuai】
目录
一、路由概述
路由:从源主机到目标主机的转发过程
路由器工作原理:根据路由表转发数据
二、静态路由和默认路由
1.静态路由 : The network administrator manually configures the unknown network segment into the routing table manually,Allows precise control over the behavior of routes,静态路由是单向的,并且缺乏灵活性.
2.默认路由:When the router cannot find a routing entry for the destination network in the routing table,路由器把请求转发到默认路由接口.The default route is generally configured on the stub network,There is only one import and export,One end is generally connectedPC机.(避免出现环路)默认路由是一种特殊的静态路由.
三、配置静态路由

实验步骤:
(1)为两台PC机配置IP地址、子网掩码和网关地址


(2)配置路由器R1的IP地址
<Huawei>sys //进入系统视图
[Huawei]sys R1 //Change the router name
[R1]int g0/0/0 //进入g0/0/0 接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254/24 //配置g0 ip地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 //进入g0/0/1 接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.3.1/24 //配置IP地址

(3)配置路由器R2的IP地址
<Huawei>sys //进入系统视图
[Huawei]sys R2 //Change the router name
[R2]int g0/0/0 //进入g0/0/0 接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.2/24 //配置g0 ip地址
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 //进入g0/0/1 接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.4.1/24 //配置IP地址

(3)配置路由器R3的IP地址
<Huawei>sys //进入系统视图
[Huawei]sys R2 //Change the router name
[R1]int g0/0/0 //进入g0/0/0 接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.4.2/24 //配置g0 ip地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 //进入g0/0/1 接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.254/24 //配置IP地址

(4)Configure static routing information for the three routers.The network segment will not be directly connected、子网掩码、The next hop address is added to the routing table(两种方法)
法一:
①R1设置默认路由
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.2 //任意网段 Arbitrary subnet mask 下一跳地址
②R2设置静态路由
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1 //非直连网段 子网掩码 下一跳地址
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.3.2 //非直连网段 子网掩码 下一跳地址
③R3设置默认路由
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.4.1 //任意网段 Arbitrary subnet mask 下一跳地址
法二:
①R1设置静态路由
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.3.2 //Configure the network segment as10.1.3.0的路由信息
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.3.2 //Configure the network segment as10.1.4.0的路由信息
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②R2设置静态路由
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1 //Configure the network segment as10.1.1.0的路由信息
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.4.2 //Configure the network segment as10.1.4.0的路由信息
![]()
![]()
③R3设置静态路由
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.4.1 //Configure the network segment as10.1.1.0的路由信息
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 24 192.168.4.1 //Configure the network segment as10.1.2.0的路由信息
![]()
![]()
④用PC1去pingPC2
实验成功!
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