当前位置:网站首页>Von Neumann architecture
Von Neumann architecture
2022-07-06 17:01:00 【My71】
Knowledge point
- Von Neumann architecture is right Hardware components and software execution methods Two parts make provisions .
- Five hardware of computer ( Von Neumann ): Arithmetic unit 、 controller 、 Memory 、 input device 、 Output devices .
- Arithmetic units and controllers are collectively referred to as Central processing unit CPU The core of the computer 、 The brain .
- Program = data + Method , The procedure is made by CPU Executive .
Arithmetic unit
You can only add .
controller
Assign the work of the arithmetic unit .
Memory
- The memory should conform to the following two points
- Can store data .
- The program in the storage space can be called directly by the arithmetic unit .
- Hard disk 、U Disk does not belong to memory , Does not meet the second point , It belongs to external memory , It also belongs to input and output devices .
- Memory is memory , Memory refers to memory .
Memory
- Memory includes : Memory module 、 Cache (cache)、BIOS chip
- BIOS: Basic I / O device , There are separate BIOS Chip storage BIOS Program .
- ROM: read-only memory , Power failure without losing data .
- RAM: Ram , Loss of data due to power failure , Volatility .
- ROM and RAM All the programs in will be executed .
- BIOS The chip belongs to ROM, Memory modules and caches belong to RAM.
Input / Output devices (I/O)
- input device : keyboard 、 mouse 、 Scanner, etc .
- Output devices : Monitor 、 The printer 、 Projector, etc .
- Input / The output device consists of CPU management , But not with CPU Direct link , Need to pass through I/O Interface .
- Input / The output device contains I/O Interface and peripherals are two parts .
Program operation process
- download / The installer is to install the program in the local hard disk , Any program cannot run when it is in the hard disk , Follow the following steps when starting the program
- Read and write the program in the hard disk to the memory , Load memory .
- CPU The arithmetic unit in executes the program in memory , Show the working area of the program on the desktop .
- When you exit the program , The program will not disappear from memory .
Mobile phone structure
- The mobile phone also adopts von Neumann structure , Mobile phones are embedded products .
- Mobile phone memory is divided into : Running memory and body memory .
- Run a memory :RAM
- Body memory :ROM
- The program in the body memory can be directly CPU call , The program is in Data generated at run time Is stored in Run a memory Medium .
General purpose devices and embedded devices
- General equipment :CPU from RAM Read instructions in , At the same time RAM Read data from .
- Embedded device :CPU from ROM Read instructions in , from RAM Read data from .
Memory structure
- Harvard structure : Instructions and data are stored separately . Most embedded devices are Harvard architecture .
- Von Neumann structure : Instructions and data are stored uniformly , All put in RAM in . Most general-purpose devices are von Neumann structures .
- Memory structures are divided into the above two , But there is only one computer structure , That is the von Neumann architecture .
Way of execution
The binary program is used to store the execution method
The transistor
- Transistors are divided into two-stage transistors and three-stage transistors .
- Its main function is to act as a switch .
边栏推荐
- Continue and break jump out of multiple loops
- Erlang installation
- ~72 horizontal and vertical alignment of text
- Monomer application concept
- TCP的三次握手和四次挥手
- Error: case label `15 'not within a switch statement
- ~86m rabbit practice
- ~71 abbreviation attribute of font
- 唯有學C不負眾望 TOP5 S1E8|S1E9:字符和字符串&&算術運算符
- After the subscript is used to assign a value to the string type, the cout output variable is empty.
猜你喜欢
随机推荐
服务器端渲染(SSR)和客户端渲染(CSR)的区别
~72 horizontal and vertical alignment of text
~79 Movie card exercise
MySQL数字函数
Solr word segmentation analysis
Fdog series (I): think about it. It's better to write a chat software. Then start with the imitation QQ registration page.
Go language uses the thrift protocol to realize the client and service end reports not enough arguments in call to oprot Writemessagebegin error resolution
LeetCode 1637. The widest vertical area between two points without any point
Saw local status change event StatusChangeEvent [timestamp=1644048792587, current=DOWN, previous=UP]
~69 other ways to use icon fonts
Alibaba cloud server builds SVN version Library
Continue and break jump out of multiple loops
LeetCode1556. Thousand separated number
汇编语言寻址方式
唯有學C不負眾望 TOP5 S1E8|S1E9:字符和字符串&&算術運算符
QT system learning series: 1.2 style sheet sub control lookup
谢邀,人在工区,刚交代码,在下字节跳动实习生
Fdog series (V): use QT to imitate QQ to realize login interface to main interface, function chapter.
[unsolved] 7-15 shout mountain
Yao BanZhi and his team came together, and the competition experts gathered together. What fairy programming competition is this?