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端口,域名,协议。
2022-07-05 02:43:00 【13少啊】
一.域名
每个域名都对应这其的IP地址,从左到右为顶级域名,一级域名,二级域名.....,两者间用点隔开。通过域名搜索网址,其实质也是通过IP地址进行搜寻。
例如:
你可以在搜素百度的时候,直接搜索www.baidu.com进行搜索
也可以输入:
这样两个
www.baidu.com
14.215.177.39
答案肯定是必然的,www.baidu.com更容易记
二.端口
逻辑意义上的端口,一般是指TCP/IP协议中的端口,端口号范围是从0到65535,比如用于浏览网页服务的80端口,用于FTP服务的21端口等等。
三.协议
协议:是网络中计算机或设备之间进行通信的一系列的集合。
常见协议有:
HTTP协议代理服务器常用端口号:80/8080/3128/9098
...... 等一系列的协议
四.http://baidu.com:80
1.http 协议
2.baidu.com 域名
3.80 端口
五.Tcp三次握手和四次挥手
(1)三次握手
举个简单例子
客户端:
你听的到吗?
服务器:
我听的到,你呢?
客户端:
我听的到
(2)四次挥手
客户端:
客户端向服务器发送FIN包,需要断开连接。
服务器:
收到你想断开连接的请求, 向客户端发送一个ACK,不要发送请求, 但是还有数据没处理。
服务器:
服务端处理完数据之后,向客户端发送一个FIN,表示服务端可以断开连接。
客户端:
接收到服务器的FIN包之后,向客户端发送一个ACK,表示客户端也可以断开连接了。
(3)为什么握手需要三次,挥手需要四次呢?
三次握手:三次握手是为了TCP建立连接的。
四次挥手:为了断开连接,为了确保结束数据的发送,和接收数据。
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