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HDU1232 畅通工程(并查集)
2022-07-05 07:15:00 【Woodenman杜】
题目链接
http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1232
Question
Problem Description
某省调查城镇交通状况,得到现有城镇道路统计表,表中列出了每条道路直接连通的城镇。省政府“畅通工程”的目标是使全省任何两个城镇间都可以实现交通(但不一定有直接的道路相连,只要互相间接通过道路可达即可)。问最少还需要建设多少条道路?
Input
测试输入包含若干测试用例。每个测试用例的第1行给出两个正整数,分别是城镇数目N ( < 1000 )和道路数目M;随后的M行对应M条道路,每行给出一对正整数,分别是该条道路直接连通的两个城镇的编号。为简单起见,城镇从1到N编号。
注意:两个城市之间可以有多条道路相通,也就是说
3 3
1 2
1 2
2 1
这种输入也是合法的
当N为0时,输入结束,该用例不被处理。
Output
对每个测试用例,在1行里输出最少还需要建设的道路数目。

Solve
很明显可以看出来这就是一个最小生成树的变形,变得简单了^_^
可以先看一下这篇文章:最小生成树的两种算法
其中的Kruskal算法是比较常用的,不过这道题没那么麻烦,单纯并查集就行~
我们可以知道要打通 n 个节点,至少要 n-1 条边,所以定义res = n - 1
根据这一条件,再利用并查集判断每一条读入的边是否已经连接:
如果原来已经连接了,就不需要做任何事情;
如果没有连接,那读入该边之后就连接了,所需建设的道路数也会减一(res--)
读边结束后得到的 res 就是结果了
AC Code
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#define N 1000
using namespace std;
int fa[N+1], n, m;
//查找根节点
int find(int x)
{
if(fa[x] == x)
return x;
else
return fa[x] = find(fa[x]);
}
int main(void)
{
while(cin >>n && n != 0)
{
cin >>m;
//初始化并查集
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) fa[i] = i;
int res = n - 1;
for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++){
int x, y; cin >>x >>y;
int dx = find(x); int dy = find(y);
//已经连接 直接跳过,未连接 连接并记录
if(dx == dy) continue;
fa[dx] = dy;
res--;
}
cout <<res <<endl;
}
return 0;
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